Pre, During, and Post Reading and Writing Strategies

Prereading Strategies:

Brainstorming: Students will examine the title of a selection they are to read, list all information that comes to mind about the title, and use pieces of information to recall and understand material.

Source: http://www.studygs.net/preread.htm

Discuss Background Information: Students will build upon what they already know by giving experiences about a certain topic

Source: http://departments.weber.edu/teachall/reading/prereading.html

Conduct a Picture Walk: Encourage and guide students in a discussion of what could be going on based on the pictures in a book

Source: http://bankstreet.edu/literacy-guide/reading-strategies/pre-reading-strategies/

List-Group-Label: A vocabulary strategy that engages students in a three-step process to actively organize their understanding of content area vocabulary

Source: http://www.adlit.org/strategy_library/

Previewing: Preview the text to get a sense of the structure and content

Source: http://education.illinoisstate.edu/downloads/casei/3-10%20RI%20Pre-Reading-Planning-Guide.pdf

During Reading Strategies

Contextualizing: When you read a text, you read it through the lens of your own experience

Source: https://www.salisbury.edu/counseling/New/7_critical_reading_strategies.html

Paired Reading: Encourages peer teaching and learning

Source: http://www.adlit.org/strategies/23354/

Re-reading: Helps you understand hard words, find things you did not find before, help the story make sense, and make the story more interesting

Source: http://teacher.scholastic.com/lessonrepro/lessonplans/profbooks/strategies.htm

Paragraph Shrinking:  allows each student to take turns reading, pausing, and summarizing the main points of each paragraph. Students provide each other with feedback as a way to monitor comprehension.

Source: http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/paragraph_shrinking

Think Notes: Students place a post-it on any page that confuses or interests them

Source: http://www.tips-for-teachers.com/reading_strategies.htm

Post Reading Strategies

Discuss and Respond: Ask follow-up questions

Source: http://departments.weber.edu/teachall/reading/post.html#DiscussRespond

One Sentence Summary: Students must summarize a reading passage or story in one sentence.  This helps them focus on key concepts.

Source: http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/curriculum/AcademicCore/LanguageArtsandReading/SecondaryReading/AfterReading.aspx

Response Journals: A response journal is a form of writing in which students make thoughtful connections to texts, activities, and experiences. A response journal provides sustained opportunity to explore, analyze, question, interpret, or reflect in order to gain new insights and enriched appreciation or understanding.

Source: http://eworkshop.on.ca/edu/pdf/Mod21_after_read_strgs.pdf

Retelling: Students retell what they have read.  If a child struggles with this task, they may not understand the reading material comprehensively

Source: http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/purpose-postreading-phase-12363.html

Role-play: Students may act out what they have read

Source: http://www.rit.edu/ntid/rate/sea/processes/comprehension/process/after

Prewriting Strategies

Clustering: Start with a circle in the middle that contains your idea and then you draw lines to other, smaller circles that contain sub-ideas or issues related to the main idea.

Source: http://faculty.ncwc.edu/lakirby/English%20090/prewriting_strategies.htm

Focused Free Writing: Set a time limit of 5-15 minutes and continuously write about a specific topic

Source: http://www.studygs.net/writing/prewriting.htm

Looping: A free writing technique that allows you to increasingly focus your ideas in trying to discover a writing topic

Source: http://www.writing.ku.edu/prewriting-strategies

Outline: Create an outline of the different parts of your writing

Source: http://www.gallaudet.edu/tip/english_works/writing/pre-writing_writing_and_revising/prewriting_strategies.html

Jolt List: List topics that come to mind

http://www.gallaudet.edu/tip/english_works/writing/pre-writing_writing_and_revising/prewriting_strategies.html

During Writing Strategies

Share and Respond: Students state opinions or improvement suggestions for a classmate’s shared writing assignment

Source: http://www.readwritethink.org/professional-development/strategy-guides/guided-writing-30685.html

Persuasion Map: A map that will help writers organize and expand their ideas

Source: http://www.readwritethink.org/professional-development/strategy-guides/developing-persuasive-writing-strategies-30965.html

Writing Templates: Provide students with templates that structure the organization of the text to be written

Source: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/misunderstoodminds/writingstrats.html

       Proofreading without a Partner:  Students correct and revise papers by themselves

Source:

http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/studentsuccess/thinkliteracy/files/writing.pdf

Add Sensory Details: Students close their eyes and picture a movie in their minds based on their writings.  They may add details after picturing these images in their minds

Source: http://www.discoveryeducation.com/teachers/free-lesson-plans/writing-strategies.cfm

Post Writing Strategies

  Group Critiques: Students in small groups give constructive criticisms to a group member

Source: http://www.ehow.com/list_6321640_post_writing-activities.html

Read the Paper Aloud: Students will share their completed writing with the class by reading it aloud.
Source: http://www.ehow.com/list_6321640_post_writing-activities.html

Reflection Essay: Students write a short journal about what they could have done better in their writing or what they would like to repeat in their next writing experience

Source: http://www.ehow.com/list_6321640_post_writing-activities.html

Revising: Revise the essay; add more content and detail if necessary

Source: http://mavdisk.mnsu.edu/sweena1/strategies.html

Editing and Proofreading: Check for spelling and grammar errors

Source: http://www.luc.edu/media/lucedu/firstandsecondyearadvising/pdfs/writing_process.pdf